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UMD aims to be compatible with both⁢ CommonJS and AMD, providing a single module‌ format that⁤ works in various environments.

Syntax: Detects ​the environment and⁢ uses the ⁢appropriate module loading mechanism.
Use Cases: Ideal for libraries intended to be used in⁤ both Node.js and browser environments.
Flexibility: Offers broad compatibility, but can be slightly ‍more complex ​to⁤ implement.

Syntax: import to import modules ⁢and export to export.
Use Cases: Increasingly adopted in modern JavaScript projects, ‍supported ⁤natively in browsers and Node.js (with some‌ configuration).
Benefits: Static analysis, tree shaking (removing unused code), and improved performance.

How Module Loaders Work:‍ A⁢ Closer Look

Let's illustrate with a simplified ⁣example using a hypothetical module loader. Imagine you ⁣have‌ two files: moduleA.js and main.js.

moduleA.js:

javascript
export function greet(name) {
  return "Hello, " + name + "!";
}

main.js:

javascript
import { greet } from './moduleA.js';

const message = greet("World");
console.log(message); // Output: Hello, World!

Here's what happens behind the scenes:

1. Dependency Resolution: The module loader