Initial reports began surfacing around 2:00 AM Tehran time, detailing a surge in protests. ”It was truly remarkable! The crowd was incredibly large, and their bravery was inspiring,” shared Sahand, a 47-year-old resident of Tehran who requested anonymity. He described marching from the city center towards northern Tehran between 8:00 PM and midnight, facing tear gas and pellet gun fire from security forces.
The dominant chants centered around support for Reza Pahlavi
[the exiled son of the Shah of Iran], as well as cries of “Death to the dictator!”
Before internet access was disrupted, videos emerged online documenting demonstrations across numerous Iranian cities.
In Karaj (30 kilometers east of Tehran), Mashhad (northeast), Babol (north), and Kermanshah (west), protestors voiced slogans like “Death to
[Ali] Khamenei!”
, the Supreme Leader of Iran, and “This is the final battle, Pahlavi will return!”
, referencing the dynasty overthrown by the 1979 islamic Revolution. Reports and images indicated fires set to prefabricated structures, police vehicles, and mosque entrances.
Understanding the Current Iran Protests
The recent unrest in Iran, beginning December 28, 2025, represents a significant escalation of discontent. While economic hardship, notably inflation, is a key driver, the protests also reflect deeper frustrations with the political and social restrictions imposed by the current regime. I’ve found that these types of widespread demonstrations often stem from a confluence of factors, not just a single grievance.
Recent economic data from the World bank (December 2025) indicates Iran’s inflation rate has soared to over 40% in the last year, significantly impacting the purchasing power of ordinary citizens. This economic pressure, coupled with limited political freedoms, has created a volatile surroundings.
The calls for the return of Reza Pahlavi,the son of the last Shah,signal a desire for a return to a pre-revolutionary era among some segments of the population. However,it’s crucial to understand that the protest movement is diverse,encompassing a wide range of political viewpoints and socio-economic backgrounds.





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