Belfast, Northern Ireland – In a somber moment for Belfast Zoo and the global conservation community, two Barbary lionesses, Thheiba and Fidda, have died at the age of 22. The pair represented the last remaining Barbary lionesses at the zoo, and their passing marks a significant loss for a species extinct in the wild. The zoo confirmed the peaceful passing of the sisters on Tuesday, March 10, 2026, following a period of declining health in one of the animals.
Thheiba and Fidda were not merely residents of Belfast Zoo. they were vital contributors to the European Association of Zoos and Aquaria (EAZA) Ex-Situ Programme (EEP), a breeding program designed to safeguard the future of endangered species. Their legacy extends beyond their longevity, encompassing a significant number of offspring that have bolstered the Barbary lion population within accredited zoos. The Barbary lion, once roaming North Africa, is now considered extinct in its natural habitat, making every individual and breeding effort crucial for the species’ survival.
The decision to euthanize the lionesses was made after careful consideration by veterinary staff. In recent weeks, Thheiba had begun to exhibit mobility issues and weight loss, indicating a decline in her health. Lions are highly social animals, and the zoo recognized the profound bond between Thheiba and Fidda, who had lived together their entire lives. Veterinarians determined that separating the sisters would cause significant stress and welfare challenges for Fidda, leading to the difficult but compassionate decision to euthanize her as well, to prevent prolonged suffering and loneliness. This highlights the complex ethical considerations involved in animal care within zoological settings.
A Legacy of Conservation and a Species Lost to the Wild
Barbary lions (Panthera leo leo) were once found across North Africa, from Morocco to Egypt. Distinguished by their thick, black manes in males and a generally larger size compared to other lion subspecies, they held a prominent place in the region’s history and culture. Historically, they were prized by Roman emperors and even kept as royal animals in the Tower of London during the medieval period. As the BBC reports, remnants of these historical Barbary lions were even discovered during excavations at the Tower of London in 1937.
The decline of the Barbary lion population was driven by a combination of factors, including habitat loss, hunting, and conflict with humans. By the 1920s, they were considered functionally extinct in the wild, with the last confirmed wild individual shot in Morocco in 1922. The EEP, of which Belfast Zoo was a key participant, represents a concerted effort to preserve the genetic diversity of this magnificent animal through carefully managed breeding programs in zoos across Europe.
Thheiba and Fidda’s Journey to Belfast
Before arriving at Belfast Zoo, Thheiba and Fidda spent a portion of their lives at Port Lympne Zoo in Kent, England. Their transfer to Belfast marked a significant addition to the zoo’s collection and provided a new opportunity for their contribution to the EAZA EEP. Belfast Zoo announced their passing on Facebook, expressing the deep sadness felt by staff and visitors alike.
Throughout their decades at Belfast Zoo, the lionesses were a popular attraction, captivating visitors with their majestic presence and playful interactions. Zoo staff described them as having a strong bond, often observed grooming and resting together. Their longevity – reaching 22 years of age – is a testament to the high standard of care provided by the zoo’s dedicated team of keepers and veterinarians.
The Importance of Ex-Situ Conservation Programs
The story of Thheiba and Fidda underscores the critical role of ex-situ conservation programs in safeguarding endangered species. Ex-situ conservation involves protecting species outside of their natural habitats, primarily through captive breeding programs in zoos and aquariums. These programs serve multiple purposes, including maintaining genetic diversity, providing a safety net against extinction, and conducting research to improve conservation efforts in the wild.
The EAZA EEP, in particular, is a highly coordinated effort involving numerous zoos across Europe. The program carefully manages breeding recommendations to maximize genetic diversity and minimize inbreeding. Offspring produced through the EEP may eventually be reintroduced to their natural habitats, if conditions allow, or contribute to the establishment of new breeding populations.
Looking Ahead: The Future of Barbary Lion Conservation
While the loss of Thheiba and Fidda is deeply felt, the work of the EAZA EEP continues. Zoos across Europe are committed to maintaining a healthy and genetically diverse population of Barbary lions, ensuring that this iconic species does not disappear entirely. Ongoing research into lion genetics, behavior, and health is also crucial for improving conservation strategies.
The future of Barbary lion conservation hinges on a multifaceted approach, combining ex-situ breeding programs with efforts to address the threats facing lion populations in Africa. Habitat protection, anti-poaching measures, and community engagement are all essential components of a successful conservation strategy. The story of Thheiba and Fidda serves as a poignant reminder of the importance of these efforts and the urgent need to protect our planet’s biodiversity.
Belfast Zoo has not yet announced any immediate plans to acquire new Barbary lions, but they remain committed to supporting the EAZA EEP and contributing to the long-term conservation of this remarkable species. The zoo will likely continue to focus on educating the public about the plight of the Barbary lion and the importance of conservation.
The zoo’s long-standing commitment to the care and conservation of Barbary lions, dating back to the 1960s, is a testament to their dedication to protecting endangered species. Thheiba and Fidda’s legacy will live on through their offspring and the continued efforts of conservationists around the world.
Key Takeaways:
- Thheiba and Fidda, two Barbary lionesses, have died at Belfast Zoo at the age of 22.
- The Barbary lion is extinct in the wild, making captive breeding programs crucial for its survival.
- The pair were key contributors to the EAZA Ex-Situ Programme (EEP), producing multiple offspring.
- Their passing highlights the ethical considerations involved in animal care and the importance of social bonds for lions.
The zoo will continue to support the EAZA EEP and educate the public about Barbary lion conservation. For more information on the EAZA and their conservation efforts, please visit the EAZA website. We encourage readers to share this story and contribute to the conversation about wildlife conservation.
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