The Evolving Landscape of russian Sanctions Evasion: Exved, MKAN Coin, and the Decentralized Future of Financial Obfuscation
A Clarity International Russia examination reveals a sophisticated network enabling the circumvention of international sanctions against Russia, highlighting a shift towards decentralized, crypto-fueled methods of financial evasion.
The ongoing efforts to hold Russia accountable through economic sanctions are facing a formidable challenge: a rapidly adapting ecosystem designed to obscure the origin and destination of funds. Recent research by Transparency International Russia, detailed in their report “Crypto Laundromat,” exposes a complex web of companies and services facilitating the movement of money into and out of Russia, leveraging jurisdictions with lax oversight and the anonymity offered by cryptocurrency. This investigation doesn’t just uncover existing loopholes; it reveals a blueprint for future evasion, demonstrating how sanctioned entities are building resilient, decentralized networks to survive scrutiny.
Exved: A Facilitator of Sanitized Trade
The investigation centers on Exved, a company operating from a network of jurisdictions including Hong Kong, Thailand, and the united Arab Emirates. exved doesn’t directly engage in illicit activity like forging documents. Instead, it functions as a payment facilitator, specializing in processing transactions for goods – particularly “dual-use” items with both civilian and military applications – destined for Russia.
To understand Exved’s operations, researchers from transparency International Russia, led by Baghdasaryan, conducted a sting operation in October 2024. Posing as a Hong Kong-based electronics exporter, they engaged with Exved via Telegram, gaining rapid onboarding – a mere 30 minutes – and uncovering a layered structure designed to mask the true parties involved.
The process involved a Russian company, Paysol LLC, acting as Exved’s “agent,” while the actual service agreement was channeled through a Hong Kong-based firm, Feilian Company Limited, controlled by Russian national sergey Antipov. This arrangement allowed for a seemingly legitimate flow of funds: rubles transferred to feilian’s Alfa-Bank account in Russia, then converted and forwarded to the fictitious Hong Kong exporter in dollars, yuan, or USDT (Tether, a stablecoin pegged to the US dollar).
The Importance of “Tailored Documentation” and Evading Scrutiny
during a call with Paysol, Baghdasaryan directly questioned the company’s connections to Garantex (a sanctioned Russian cryptocurrency exchange) and Exved, as well as the logistics of importing dual-use goods. paysol representatives deliberately evaded thes questions. Though,a Paysol compliance officer revealed a crucial element of their strategy: the necessity of “tailored documentation and logistics partners” to avoid triggering sanctions alerts at banks.
This admission underscores a key finding of the report: Exved and its network actively facilitate the import of restricted goods into Russia by providing a structure that allows for legitimate-looking transactions based on “sanitized” invoices that may not accurately reflect the actual goods being shipped. This isn’t about outright fraud; it’s about carefully constructing a narrative that minimizes the risk of detection.
A Direct Link to Sanctioned Funds
The investigation further revealed a direct connection between Paysol and sanctioned entities. A cryptocurrency wallet address provided by Paysol to the researchers had received over $112 million in transactions, originating from a wallet directly linked to Garantex. This demonstrates a clear pathway for funds originating from sanctioned sources to be laundered through Exved’s network.
From Garantex to MKAN Coin: The Evolution of Evasion
The investigation didn’t stop with Exved. A subsequent revelation of leaked Garantex data – including emails, internal documentation, and identity verification documents – led researchers to MKAN Coin, a telegram-based crypto-to-cash exchange catering to Russians seeking to move money abroad.
What’s particularly concerning is that MKAN Coin isn’t a new entity; it’s a rebranded and decentralized evolution of Garantex’s existing laundering blueprint. The report details how MKAN Coin inherited Garantex’s infrastructure,personnel,and operational patterns,extending its reach into a global network designed to withstand sanctions and scrutiny.
Operating across jurisdictions like Kyrgyzstan, Spain, Brazil, Thailand, and Georgia, MKAN Coin offers a more resilient and decentralized choice to traditional exchanges. The leaked documents revealed that a former chief executive of garantex is the driving force behind the MKAN Coin brand, solidifying its connection to the sanctioned exchange.
The Future of Sanctions Evasion: Decentralization and Telegram-Based Networks
“MKAN coin is a core product of Garantex,” Baghdasaryan explains. “Crypto-to-cash through Telegram, to transfer money abroad
