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Marburg Virus Disease: A Extensive Overview
Marburg virus disease (MVD) is a severe and frequently enough fatal illness in humans. While rare, outbreaks can cause notable mortality, making understanding its transmission, symptoms, and prevention crucial for global health security.This article provides a detailed overview of MVD, drawing on the latest data from leading health organizations.
What is Marburg Virus disease?
Marburg virus disease, formerly known as Marburg hemorrhagic fever, is a highly virulent viral hemorrhagic fever. It is indeed caused by the Marburg virus, belonging to the Filoviridae family – the same family as the Ebola virus [[1]]. The virus is characterized by a high fatality rate, varying from 24% to 88% in past outbreaks, depending on the virus strain and quality of care [[1]].
Transmission
The initial transmission of the Marburg virus to humans is believed to occur thru prolonged exposure to fruit bats, specifically Rousettus species, which are natural reservoirs of the virus [[2]].These bats are often found in mines and caves.
Once an infection is established in a human,the virus spreads through direct contact with the bodily fluids of infected individuals – including blood,urine,saliva,sweat,feces,vomit,and breast milk. Transmission can also occur through contact with contaminated surfaces and materials, such as bedding and clothing [[2]].
Funeral rituals involving direct contact with the deceased can also contribute to the spread of the virus, as the virus remains present in the body after death [[2]].
Signs and Symptoms
The incubation period for Marburg virus disease ranges from 2 to 21 days [[1]]. Symptoms typically begin abruptly, with a high fever and severe headache. Other common symptoms include:
- Muscle aches
- Weakness
