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Mpox: Current Status adn Global Response (January 24, 2026)
the global health landscape has seen significant developments regarding mpox (formerly known as monkeypox). While the initial outbreak in 2022-2023 prompted widespread concern and declarations of public health emergencies, the situation has evolved considerably. This article provides a thorough overview of the current status of mpox, it’s transmission, symptoms, prevention, and the ongoing global response.
What is Mpox?
Mpox is a viral zoonosis – a disease that spreads from animals to humans. It is caused by the mpox virus, which belongs to the orthopoxvirus family, the same family as the variola virus (the cause of smallpox) and the vaccinia virus (used in the smallpox vaccine) [[2]]. historically, mpox was primarily found in parts of central and west Africa, but in 2022, cases began appearing in countries where the virus was not previously common, leading to a multi-country outbreak.
Transmission and Symptoms
Mpox can be transmitted through close, personal contact with someone who has the illness. This includes:
- Direct contact with the rash
- Contact with body fluids (pus from lesions, saliva)
- Respiratory secretions during prolonged face-to-face contact
- Touching objects, fabrics (clothing, bedding, towels), and surfaces that have been contaminated
- From a pregnant person to their fetus, or to the newborn during or after birth [[2]]
Symptoms typically begin within 3 to 16 days after exposure and can include:
- Fever
- Headache
- Muscle aches
- Backache
- Swollen lymph nodes
- Chills
- Exhaustion
- A rash that can look like pimples or blisters that appear on the face, palms of the hands, soles of the feet, mouth, or genitals
The illness typically lasts for 2 to 4 weeks. While moast cases resolve on their own, severe complications can occur, particularly in individuals with weakened immune systems.
Current Global Situation
As of early 2026, the global mpox outbreak has considerably subsided. Several countries, including those in Africa where the virus is endemic, have lifted states of emergency [[1]]. This improvement is largely attributed to widespread vaccination campaigns,increased public awareness,and behavioral changes within at-risk populations.
However, mpox has not been eradicated and sporadic cases continue to be reported globally. Ongoing surveillance is crucial to detect and respond to any resurgence of the virus.
Who is at Risk?
While anyone can contract mpox, certain groups have been disproportionately affected. The World Health Association has noted that men who have sex with men are currently at higher risk [[3]]. However, it is crucial to emphasize that the virus is not limited to this population and can spread to anyone through close contact.
Prevention and Protection
Several measures can be taken to prevent the spread of mpox:
- Vaccination: Vaccines developed for smallpox have been found to be effective in preventing mpox. Vaccination is recommended for individuals at high risk of exposure.
- Avoid Close Contact: Avoid close, skin-to-skin contact with people who have a rash that looks like mpox.
- Practice Good Hygiene: Wash your hands frequently with soap and water or use an alcohol-based hand sanitizer.
- Avoid Sharing Personal Items: Do not share clothing, bedding, towels, or othre personal items with someone who has mpox.
- Safe Sex Practices: Consider reducing the number of sexual partners and practicing safer sex practices.
