Auckland’s Te Ngāherehere o Kohukohunui / Hūnua Ranges are experiencing a remarkable resurgence in native wildlife, with a recent survey confirming successful breeding of the kārearea, or New Zealand falcon, for the first time in recent memory. This positive development follows an intensive pest control operation undertaken by Auckland Council, demonstrating the significant impact of targeted conservation efforts on vulnerable species. The return of this apex predator signals a healthier, more resilient ecosystem within the ranges, offering a beacon of hope for biodiversity in the region.
The kārearea, New Zealand’s fastest bird, had been absent as a breeding species from the Hūnua Ranges for a considerable period, prompting concerns about its long-term viability in the area. The discovery of a breeding pair successfully raising two fledglings represents a major conservation win, highlighting the effectiveness of strategies focused on predator control. This success is particularly noteworthy given the kārearea’s vulnerability during nesting, as they build simple nests, known as scrapes, on or near the ground, leaving eggs and chicks exposed to a range of predators.
Hūnua Ranges Pest Control: A Dramatic Reduction in Predator Numbers
The positive outcome for the kārearea is directly linked to the Auckland Council’s 2025 Hūnua aerial pest control operation, funded by the Natural Environment Targeted Rate. The operation targeted possums and rats, both significant threats to native birdlife. Results from the operation, released in January 2026, show a dramatic reduction in both species. Possum numbers plummeted from a pre-control Residual Trap Catch (RTC) of 2.2 percent to just 0.16 percent post-control. Rat numbers experienced an even more substantial decline, falling from a pre-monitor Rodent Tracking Index (RTI) of 90–100 percent to 1.34 percent. Auckland Council reports these results exceed the targets set in the 2025 operational plan.
“We aimed for under two percent RTC for possums and under three percent RTI for rats, and both were comfortably achieved,” stated Miranda Bennett, Auckland Council’s Project Manager. “At these levels, the forest can recover, and native species can thrive.” The Council has identified specific sites of significant biodiversity value requiring possum control at or below two–five percent RTC, aligning with national technical guidance, including recommendations from the Kōkako Recovery Group, which supports rat control targets below three percent RTI. The Hūnua results demonstrably fall within these benchmarks.
Kārearea: A Unique and Vulnerable Predator
The kārearea ( *Falco novaeseelandiae*) is a unique and captivating bird of prey, distinct from the more commonly observed swamp harrier (kāhu). Unlike the gliding flight of the kāhu, the kārearea is renowned for its incredible speed and agility, capable of high-speed pursuits through the forest canopy. It is estimated that between 5,000 and 8,000 native falcons currently inhabit Aotearoa, New Zealand. The Department of Conservation classifies the species as ‘Threatened – Nationally Increasing’, indicating a population that, while facing challenges, is showing signs of recovery. Scoop News reported on the breeding confirmation just hours ago.
The vulnerability of the kārearea stems from its nesting habits. The birds construct simple scrapes on the ground, making their eggs and chicks susceptible to predation by a variety of introduced species, including cats, mustelids (stoats, ferrets, and weasels), pigs, and possums. Effective predator control, as demonstrated in the Hūnua Ranges, is therefore crucial for the species’ survival and reproductive success.
The 40-Day Survey and its Significance
The confirmation of breeding activity in the Hūnua Ranges followed a targeted 40-day survey commissioned by Auckland Council, conducted between December 2025 and February 2026. This was the first formal assessment of kārearea presence and breeding activity within the park. Chifuyu Horikoshi, the kārearea specialist who led the fieldwork, described the findings as “incredibly encouraging.”
“Watching kārearea hunt through native forest is breathtaking; they are exceptionally fast, agile, and intelligent birds truly built for pursuit,” Horikoshi explained. “Seeing them deliver prey and continue caring for their young shows this habitat is supporting their full breeding cycle.” This observation is critical, as it confirms not only the presence of breeding pairs but as well the availability of sufficient food resources to sustain a successful breeding cycle.
Implications for Conservation and Future Monitoring
The success in the Hūnua Ranges underscores the importance of continued investment in pest control and habitat restoration for the benefit of native wildlife. Auckland Council’s commitment to the Natural Environment Targeted Rate has demonstrably contributed to this positive outcome, providing the funding necessary for effective conservation measures. Councillor Richard Hills, Chair of Auckland Council’s Policy, Planning and Development Committee, emphasized the value of this approach. “This work shows what is possible when science, experience and long-term commitment arrive together. The return of native birds nesting again in the Te Ngāherehere o Kohukohunui / Hūnua Ranges, is a powerful signal these forests are healthier and more resilient.”
Auckland Council is encouraging residents to contribute to ongoing monitoring efforts by reporting kārearea sightings through citizen science platforms such as iNaturalist, and eBird. Photographic evidence is particularly valuable for accurate identification and tracking of the species’ distribution and breeding activity. This collaborative approach, combining scientific expertise with community involvement, is essential for ensuring the long-term protection of the kārearea and the broader biodiversity of the Hūnua Ranges.
The next steps involve continued monitoring of the breeding pair and their offspring, as well as ongoing pest control efforts to maintain the favorable conditions for kārearea recovery. Auckland Council will likely publish further updates on the kārearea population and the effectiveness of conservation strategies in the coming months. Readers interested in learning more about Auckland Council’s environmental initiatives are encouraged to visit their website and explore the resources available. The success story of the kārearea in the Hūnua Ranges serves as a powerful reminder of the positive impact that dedicated conservation efforts can have on threatened species and the ecosystems they inhabit.
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