Jämtland and Härjedalen, Sweden – An unusually mild and snow-poor winter is creating dangerous conditions in the Swedish mountains, with experts warning of a heightened risk of large avalanches. The current situation poses a serious threat, as both human-triggered and naturally occurring avalanches are increasingly likely, according to authorities.
John Wilcoxen, a leading avalanche forecaster with the Swedish Meteorological and Hydrological Institute (SMHI), described the conditions as “a serious situation” in comments to Swedish public broadcaster P4 Jämtland. He explained that the lack of snow combined with recent cold temperatures has created a precarious layering in the snowpack, making it unstable. “Right now, it’s a serious situation where people can trigger avalanches, but there will also be spontaneous avalanches, those that go off under their own weight,” Wilcoxen stated.
The primary concern is the formation of what’s known as “weak layers” within the snowpack. A shallow snow cover is being burdened by wind-blown snow, or “drivsnow,” creating a structure prone to collapse. This instability is particularly acute in southern Jämtland and western Härjedalen, regions popular with skiers and snowmobilers. The risk isn’t limited to steep slopes. even moderate inclines are now considered vulnerable.
Increased Avalanche Activity Reported
Recent days have already seen evidence of this increased risk. At least three avalanches have occurred in the southern Jämtland mountains and western Härjedalen mountains this week, including a 200-meter wide avalanche in Tegefjäll, near Åre, a well-known ski resort. While no injuries have been reported in connection with these recent slides, authorities emphasize the potential for far more serious incidents.
Wilcoxen, who is also a SVELAV (Swedish Avalanche Commission) instructor and founder of Funäsfjällens Lavinskola, has extensive experience in avalanche safety, having trained professionals in both the US and Sweden since 2009. His profile on the Funäsfjällens Lavinskola website details his expertise as a lavinexpert (SVELAV Pro 3) and his role as the area manager for the western Härjedalen forecast area for SMHI’s National Avalanche Forecasts.
The SMHI is actively monitoring the situation and issuing warnings for several areas prone to avalanche danger. These warnings are updated regularly and are crucial for anyone planning to venture into the backcountry. The agency’s website provides detailed information on current conditions, including avalanche risk levels, weather forecasts, and safety recommendations. According to a report by Sveriges Radio, the current conditions could lead to “unusually large avalanches.”
A History with Avalanches: Wilcoxen’s Personal Experience
John Wilcoxen’s dedication to avalanche safety is deeply rooted in personal experience. As reported by Tidningen Härjedalen, Wilcoxen himself was caught in an avalanche as a young man. This experience shaped his career path, leading him to become a leading expert in the field. He now observes around 300 avalanches annually in his work, providing invaluable insights into avalanche behavior and risk assessment.
Understanding the Contributing Factors
The current avalanche risk is a complex issue stemming from a confluence of factors. The unusually warm temperatures earlier in the winter resulted in a limited snowpack, leaving the ground exposed in many areas. Subsequent cold snaps then created a fragile layer of ice crystals on the ground. When new snowfall occurs, it doesn’t bond effectively with this icy base, creating a weak point in the snowpack. Wind then transports snow onto this weak layer, increasing the load and the likelihood of an avalanche.
Malin Hagberg, a Lavintekniker and SVELAV Instructor for Topptur, further emphasizes the importance of awareness. She works in the ski patrol in Tänndalen and is well-versed in the dangers of the backcountry. As noted on the Funäsfjällens Lavinskola website, all instructors are SVELAV certified, ensuring a high standard of training and expertise.
Safety Recommendations for Backcountry Travelers
For those planning to travel in avalanche terrain, authorities strongly recommend the following precautions:
- Check the Avalanche Forecast: Before heading out, consult the latest avalanche forecast from SMHI.
- Carry Avalanche Safety Equipment: This includes an avalanche transceiver, shovel, and probe, and grasp how to employ them effectively.
- Travel with a Partner: Never travel alone in avalanche terrain.
- Assess the Terrain: Carefully evaluate the slope angle, snow conditions, and potential avalanche paths.
- Be Aware of Weather Conditions: Changing weather can significantly impact avalanche risk.
- Consider Avalanche Education: Taking an avalanche safety course can provide valuable knowledge and skills.
The SMHI provides detailed information on avalanche risk levels, categorized as follows:
- Level 1 – Low: Generally safe conditions, but caution is still advised.
- Level 2 – Moderate: Avalanche activity is possible, and careful assessment is required.
- Level 3 – Considerable: Avalanches are likely, and travel in avalanche terrain should be avoided.
- Level 4 – High: Avalanches are very likely, and travel in avalanche terrain is strongly discouraged.
- Level 5 – Extreme: Extremely dangerous conditions, and travel in avalanche terrain is prohibited.
Looking Ahead
The situation is expected to remain precarious for the foreseeable future, as long as the snowpack remains unstable. Continued monitoring and careful planning are essential for anyone venturing into the mountains. The SMHI will continue to provide updated forecasts and warnings as conditions evolve. The next update from SMHI regarding avalanche risk in Jämtland and Härjedalen is scheduled for March 7th, 2026.
Here’s a developing story. Share your thoughts and experiences in the comments below, and please share this article with anyone planning to travel in the affected areas.
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