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The images sent by the probe of the European Space Agency show plume-like structures made of plasma, as well as eruptions and showers falling on the surface from the relatively cooler material, he wrote. The Guardian.
Observations of the complex dynamics of the Sun’s surface could help answer the question of why the Sun’s atmosphere is so much hotter than its surface, a long-standing paradox in solar physics, scientists say.
The brightest regions are around a million degrees Celsius, while the cooler material below 10,000 degrees Celsius appears darker. The image was captured by the Extreme-Ultraviolet Imager (EUI) instrument on September 27, 2023, when the spacecraft was approximately one-third of the distance from the Earth to the Sun.
The video shows the delicate, lace-like patterns running across the Sun, called coronal moss. These structures appear at the base of large coronal magnetic field loops. On the horizon, peaks of gas, so-called spicules, extend from the Sun’s chromosphere to a height of about 10,000 kilometers.
In the center of the field of view, you can see a small outburst, where the cooler material rises up and then mostly falls back. Although small compared to the largest events, this eruption is still larger than the diameter of the Earth.
On the recording the coronal rain is also visible, which with its temperature below 10,000 degrees Celsius appears dark against the bright background of the large coronal loops at about one million degrees Celsius. The rain consists of denser clumps of plasma that fall back towards the Sun under the influence of gravity.
The $1.3 billion mission launched in 2020 and will begin observing the sun’s previously uncharted north and south poles next year.
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