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The Shifting Boundaries of Humanity: A Historical and Contemporary Examination
The question of who qualifies as “human” and, conversely, who is deemed “inhuman” is not a static one. Throughout history, the criteria for inclusion and exclusion have been fluid, shaped by cultural, religious, and philosophical shifts. This demarcation has often been a site of power, justifying social hierarchies, violence, and discrimination.Understanding how this boundary has been reconfigured is crucial for navigating contemporary ethical challenges. As historian François Hartog explores in his forthcoming book, Départager l’humanité, Humains, humanismes, inhumains, the very